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As the country navigates a more controlled phase of the pandemic, Los Alamos County, New Mexico, has been ranked the healthiest US community for the third year in a row.
Located roughly 40 miles from Sante Fe, the county is home to canyons and mesas connected by a 58-mile trail network, 13 developed public parks and an expansive golf course. The community of more than 19,000 people scored highest in the housing, population health and infrastructure categories, according to the annual U.S. News & World Report Healthiest Communities rankings report published Wednesday.
Known for its vast, breathtaking mountain ranges, Los Alamos County is the first community to take the No. 1 spot more than twice since U.S. News launched the rankings in 2018, according to the report.
However, the county and the four runners-up – Falls Church, Virginia; Douglas County, Colorado; Morgan County, Utah; and Carver County, Minnesota – all scored below average in the subcategory of housing.
“A healthy environment is part of what definitely contributes to (Los Alamos County) being a healthy community,” Los Alamos County Councilor Sara Scott, who wasn’t involved in the report, previously told CNN. “People have the opportunity and the interest in getting out, taking advantage of our mountains, trails, biking, horse-riding (and) golfing.”
When Los Alamos County ranked No. 1 in 2020, Scott said a giving community that takes health and safety seriously contributes to what makes the county so healthy overall.
That has included pandemic-related donations, volunteer mask-making, up-to-date communication between health officials and citizens on safety precautions, and the public’s compliance with the county’s layered public health response. Census responses, too, have helped county officials identify needs and priorities, Scott said.
The top five spots of the environment ranking went to Florence County, Wisconsin; Iron County, Michigan; Forest County, Wisconsin; Summit County, Colorado; and Broadwater County, Montana. This category considers factors such as air quality, drinking water safety, amount of land area covered by trees, and how many people lived within a half mile of a park.
U.S. News and the University of Missouri Center for Applied Research and Engagement Systems based the rankings on how nearly 3,000 US communities scored on 89 health and health-related metrics placed within 10 categories: community vitality, equity, economy, education, environment, food and nutrition, population health, housing, public safety and infrastructure. For each metric, the researchers scaled the values for each community relative to the average for that metric.
Some tools analyzed counties’ Covid-19 case, death and vaccination rates. Communities with higher cumulative deaths from Covid-19 (per 100,000 residents) had lower rates of postsecondary education, lower life expectancy and lower shares of adults who had recently done physical activity during their leisure time, the report found.
Communities with a higher share of people who had earned at least an associate’s degree tended to have higher Covid-19 vaccination and booster rates. Communities with higher rates of vaccination also had lower rates of death from Covid-19.
“What I learned in talking to health care and public health experts is that … the type of public health infrastructure and trust in public health that you need to have for a pandemic is something you start building, not at the time of the pandemic, but 10 years earlier,” Alex Matthews, then data editor at U.S. News & World Report, told CNN in 2021.
In 2021, many counties that had “really high vaccination rates also scored well on our food nutrition category. And those two things don’t seem related (at first),” Matthews said, adding that in some communities, a Fruit & Vegetable Prescription Program connects local farmers with families who need affordable access to produce.
“What ends up happening is, years down the line when the public health authorities come to you and say, ‘Hey, we need you to wear masks’ or ‘Hey, we need you to get this shot,’ you think to yourself, ‘Well, of course. These people are invested in my health; they’ve been investing in it every day. So I’m going to listen to them, and I’m going to trust them.’”
The top four communities in the mental health category were Fairfax County, Virginia; Santa Clara County, California; San Mateo County, California; and Honolulu County, Hawaii.
“Geographically, communities in the DMV (Washington DC/Maryland/Virginia) area have high scores in this part of our assessment, with Fairfax County leading the way at No. 1,” said Chris Wolf, lead data analyst at U.S. News.
Community measures of “physical health and well-being can also impact mental health because they can limit or support the way individuals are able to move through their day and interact with their community,” Susan L. Polan, associate executive director of public affairs and advocacy at the American Public Health Association, previously told CNN. Polan wasn’t involved in the research. In the report, lower mental health scores were associated with higher rates of poverty, smoking and teen birth rates, and lower life expectancy.
U.S. News produces the rankings to inform community health officials of best policies and practices for productive, healthy lives, according to the report.
When scoping out potential homes, people should assess whether the area is “is a cohesive community with easy access to healthy food, safe places to play and walk, good schools, diverse residents and leaderships, affordable housing, public transportation and a full range of other services,” Polan said. Local governments interested in investing in communities and economically sound, locally involved businesses are other good signs of healthy residential areas, she added.
The Healthiest Communities project results from support from CVS Health and the University of Missouri Center for Applied Research and Engagement Systems, a research institution for community health. Researchers based the rankings on data from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Census Bureau and Environmental Protection Agency.
